Textile and like drying cylinder



E. EARRELL.

TEXTILE AND LIKE DRYING CYLINDEI'I.-

APPLICATION FILED nec. I5, |919.

I IIQSS., I Patented Aug. 8 i922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

E. FARRELL. TEXTILE AND LIKEDRYING CYLINDER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 15,1919.

Patented Aug. 8, 1922,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E. FARRELL.

TEXTlLE AND LIKE DRYING CYLINDER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 1 5. i919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

1242?@@83 atened Aug. 8, 1922.

E. FARHELL.

TEXTILE AND LIKE DRYINGCYLINDER. APPLICATION man DECL15,1919.

aented Aug. 8, @22

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

ERNEST FARB/ELL, OF SALFORD, ENGLAND.

TEXTILE AND LiKE DRYIIG (TSZLINDllillt.V

Application filed-December 15, 1919. Serial No; 345,089.

To all iti/'wm t may conce/Me.'

Be it known that l, ERNEST FARRELL, a subject of the King of Great Britain and ireland, and resident of Salford, Lancashire, England, have invented certain new and useful improvements in or Relating to Textile and like Drying Cylinders, of which the following is a specification.'

These improvements referto drying cyl inders and the like i. e.` cylinders having hollow trunnions through which steam, water or other fluid passes. In particular, the improvements refer to the steam heated cylinders of machines used for drying fabrics. Usually these cylinders are rotatably mounted in doll heads, supported upon the machine frame, the doll heads being hollow and communicating with theframe, which is also hollow and which serves for conveying steam to, or water from the cylinder. To prevent the escape of steam between the cylinder trunnions and the doll heads, fibrous packing is used, the packing being held tightly against the trunnion by an adjustable gland. Owing to the rotation of the trunnion and the weight of the cylinder, the packing soon fails'to maintain the desired joint and leakage of steam or water takes place. To prevent this as much as possible the packing requires constant attention, but with say l5 or more cylinders in a machine, the keeping of the joints in good. order, entails a considerable amount of labour, time and expense, the packing having also to be frequently renewed.

Owing to the fibrous packing requiring to tightly lit the trunnions and doll heads, the packing adds to the resistance to the rotation of the cylinders, and considerable motive power and heavy gear wheels are necessary to drive the cylinders. Further, with the cylinders journaled in the packing in the doll heads and resting with theirfull weight on the packing, they areliable. to get out of alignmentand cause irregularities in the running of the fabric, and when out of alignmentv are somewhat difficultl to realign.

Attempts to overcome the aforesaid drawbacks have been made, for' example, the trunnions have been journaled in ordinary bearings separate from the doll'heads, ithe Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug, 8, i922.

weight of the cylinders being then taken by the said bearings, but the trunnions still requiring to be 'packed with` the fibrous packing in order to provide the required `steam or water-tight joints.

The present'invention has for one of its objects to entirely dispense with fibrous packing, and to provide a form of metallic joint which will be self-tightening, which will maintain the steam or water-tight con nection in spite of the cylinder being out of alignment with the steam inlet and water outlet, and which may, in fact, be purposely adapted to allow of a slight angular'movement of one of its parts out of line with the cylinder axis whereby the contacting parts may be effectively lubricated,'and which,

whilst affording very little resistance to thel rotation of the cylinder, will prevent any leakage of steam or water, or reduce it to a degree not hitherto obtained by previously proposed methods. Ai further object is to combine with said improved ointing means, anti-friction bearings for the cylinder trunnions whereby the cylinders mayy rotate more freely and truly than heretofore.

According to the invention, the cylinders are each provided with tubular ball and socket joints arranged respectively between each of the cylinder trunnions and the steam inlet and water outlet connecting parts, the ball and socket of each joint being held yieldingly in contact with each other and with the said trunnions and parts, the arrangement also being such that the inlet and outlet connecting parts while free to oscillate in planes parallel with and passing through the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. The term ball and socket7 joint will include a ball-ended part anda socket., a ball and two sockets, of two ball-ended parts and a loose intermediate ring forming two sockets, each part having' a central through hole.

In applying the antifriction bearingsto the cylinder trunnions, a ball bearing Lis provided `with one trunnion 'and a roller bearing with the other trunnion, the inner'race ring of each being fixed to the trunnion. The outer race ring of each bearing is held stationary by an yarrangement ofjpost "secured to a base plate and a cross-bar held to the posts by nuts. The purpose of thus arranin t-hebearines is in order to allow of D b b elongation and contraction of the cylinder.

The means for yieldingly holding the aforesaid jointing members 1n contact with each other, will preferably consist of rods c and springs, and a cross-plate, the rods bel ll() section) of one of the drying cylinders, and

a longitudinal sectional elevation of the improved j ointing means and bearings, the left `hand end being the steam inlet and the'right hand end the water` outlet. Fig, Llillustrates aplan (in part) of the steam inlet end of thefcylinder.

Y .Fig 5 illustrates van endk elevation of the u same end ofthe cylinder.

Fig. 6 illustrates an end View of one of the ball ended parts of the improved joints and shows diagrammatically the manner of its action. @Figs 7, 8 and `9 rillustrate longitudinal sections` of modifications hereinafter de- ,cribed` f Referring to Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 no are the-trunnions of the cylinder, each of which is usually Yformed with a plain outer surface in order to slidably and rotatably tit the usuall doll heads and also to allow of being packed with fibrous packing within the. doll heads. vFor the purposes ot this invention the trunnions are partly turned down to a true surface and partly screw-threaded eX -screwed a sleeve or' nut `c `by vrlingis firmly held to and 4thereby adapted to' rotate with the trunnion. The .outer` race teriorly. Upon the plain part o't each trunvnion -and against the shoulder formed by n the t-ruing down of the itrunnion, istitted the inner race ring b of an anti-friction bearing' while upon the screw-threaded lpart is which the race f Lring Z of each vbearing is heldstat-ionary by la ycross-bar e, posts f, f, nuts g threaded on .u to said posts, and ya' base plateV h, this latter being formed with a segmental recess to receiye a lower. part4 of the'outer` race ring CZ.

The baseplate Zt ofeach bearing is secured ftofthe. side frame z' of the machine.

.'The vanti-friction bearing for `the steam inlet end is of the ball type,uwhile that for fthe water outlet. end is of the roller type, so

that as vvthe cylinder elongates or contracts,

' the. rollers allow of the `endwise movement of the trunnion a.

In the end of each trunnion, which is bored and tapped Vto receive it, is a` mild steel bushing while in each bushing is fitted the stem of a further bushing 7c, this latter being made oi' hard metal Vand with a semi-spherical or ball-end. The opening in such bushving for the waterput-let end of the cylinder is larger than that of the bushing for the stem inlet end.

` Rigidly secured to each base plate h are two i-urther posts Z, Z and in such posts and also in the posts f, 7 are .through holes, arranged at a height corresponding to the height of the longitudinal axis oi' the cylinder trunnions. ocrewing into the holes in the posts f, f and passing through the holes in the posts Z, Z are rods m, m, these lat-ter extending forwardly beyond the posts Z, Z and through holes in a cross-plate n, and on that side of the cross-plate Ifurthest vfrom the posts Z, Z-being each tted with a spring m and nut m2. l u

In each cross'plate and coaxial with the trunnions is an opening and fitting said opening is a bushing 0 said bushing being preferably made of hardbrass or the like and being a comparatively tight tit in the cross-plate and also being held against rotation by a key or'nib 0, see Fig. 5, and moving only with the cross-plate. ln that part of the bushingco facing the bushing ,1c is a depression or recess (forming a socket) .by which the bushing 0 may engage the ball end of the bushing c. Screwing` into'the bushing 0 is apgipe or conduit 79 on to the projectinfry part of which lits a light flexible tube p. rllhe other end of each tube p is connected to a metal elbow pipe Q (see Fig. 2) leading from the steam supply pipe r in the case of the steam inlet end of the cylinder and leading to the water drain pipe s in the vcase `of the water outlet end of `the cylinder.

Under the pressure of the springs m, which may be regulated by the nuts m2 the recess of each bushingl o is held in yielding vcont-act with ball end'lo't thel complemental bushing lc. The exterior surface of the ball end of each blushing la is preferably made slightly eccentric vto the longitudinal axis of the bushing with the result that the bushing-so `as the trunnions rotate', are caused to have slightcscillatory or wobbling move- .ments, as shown.diagrammatically in Fig. 6.

The effect of such `wobbling movements is to cause the contacting surtaces'to havela relative sliding actionin addition to the rotary motion of each bushing 7c. lThis action is useful in maintaining the desired" joints,

there'being very little risk of the ball ends of the bushings 7c being scoredor grooved, as might be possible with the ball ends made concentric unlesswell lubricated'. Said sliding action is also advantageous in distributing the lubricant used in lubricating the iasaoes parts, and allows of less lubricant being used in lubricating the parts than would otherwise be necessary.

cross ar t secured to the post Z serves to support a lubricator u at a point above the bushings, by which a lubricant may be conveniently delivered on to the bushings.

The holes in the plate n through which the rodsm, m pass are such as to allow oit the tree oscillation oit' the plate, under the wobbling motion of the bushing o which is also allowed for by the flexible tubes p.

in place of a single ball-ended bushing and a socket-like bushing for each joint, two ball-ended parts may be employed (see Fig. 7) one secured to the trunnion and the other to the cross plate` n, while between the two ball-ended parts is a tree floating washer fu, which constitutes a double socket, any want of alignment ot the parts being allowed Ytor by the washer, while still maintaining the joints.

Vln F a bushing j having a socketlile recess is titted to the trunnion, and a like bushing is litted to the plate n, while between the bushings is mounted a hard metal ball fw. ln said ball is a through hole, and to prevent the hole being' blinded the ball is formed on its exterior with a groove fw into which projects the head part of an inrei-ted shaped set screw 202, the ball being i'ree to rotate about the axis of the through hole but not in any other direction.

ln both these last described arrangements the ball and socket parts are yieldingly held in contact by the springs m, fm while the plate n and tube p are free to adapt themselves to any want of alignment of the parts.

lfn Fig. 9, the bushing 0 is elongated and a spring 02 is arranged between the larger end oll the bushing and a fixed upright it oi the base plate it, the opening in the upright being large enough to allow oit' the free oscillation of the bushing relatively to the ball-ended bushingl 7u to compensate for any want or' alignment of the bushings. ln this arrangement the rods m, springs m and cross-plate n shown in Fig. 3 are dispensed with but in practice it is preferred to employ the two springs and rods and plate, as they allow ot the more convenient and even adjustment ot the contacting parts.

From the foregoing it will be seen that all i'ibrous packing is dispensed with, and the friction or resistance to rotation reduced to a minimum. Further, the joints are effectively maintained with comparatively light springs, and are such as to keep in good working order for long periods without inspection. rlhe reduction in friction is such that a machine with a large number of cylinders can be driven with much less power than heretofore.

W hat claim is: v

l. In combination, a cylinder with hollow trunnions, anti-friction bearings for each trunnion, and means for supporting and positioning said bearings, conduits for conveying steam or other fluid to and from the cylinder, metal-to-metal ball and socket joints between the trunnions and conduits, one member of each joint being connected to the trunnion and one to the conduit and the member connected to the trunnion being slightly eccentric on its exterior to the axis ci the cylinder, means by which the conduit and the member of the joint secured to the conduit are supported so as to be free to oscillate, and means for yieldingly pressing the conduit towards the trunnion, as set forth.

2. ln combination, a cylinder having hollow trunnions, conduits for conveying steam or other fluid to and from the cylinder, inetal-to-metal ball and socket joints between the trunnions and conduits, one member oi each joint being connected to the trunnion and one to the conduit and the member connected to the trunnion being slightly eccentric on its exterior to the aXis of the cylinder, means by which the con` duit and the member of the joint secured to the conduit are supported so as to be tree to oscillate, and means Jfor yieldingly pressing the conduit towards the trunnion, as set `forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

manner FRRELL.

Witnessesz HENRY JUNCA, N. HARRIS SETTLE. 

